Consultant Dan
19 May 2011
Coming clean on CCS
This morning I was talking about CCS funding on ABC Radio National Breakfast. You find the story at this page, or listen here.
Crikey picked up on the discussion and published a version of what appears below, on Rooted, the environment blog.
CCS or Carbon Capture and Storage is coal’s ‘Get out of jail card’. Its supporters claim that the carbon dioxide emissions caused by coal-fired electricity can be captured and then stored in geological formations, for geological time periods. If I am correct, then it is a technological failure and its primary function has been to delay climate action and divert funding that should be going to solar, wind and other proven technologies.
Unfortunately, CCS is the foundation of long-term climate policy of both the Labor Government and Liberal Coalition. Both the major parties have committed some billions of dollars of public funding to it. Both parties are assuming that is will come on line some time after 2020 and thus Australia’s coal industry has a rosy future.
The CCS concept was proposed around 1986, 25 years ago.
So far there are 4-6 commercial scale CCS projects in the world, depending on whose definition you use. They are mostly connected to natural gas fields, not used to capture and store post-combustion CO2 from coal, which is the whole point of the exercise.
I have been grappling with the Budget papers because I want to understand how much public money is going to CCS. The Australian Coal Association response to the Budget claims that CCS funding was cut by over $470 million.
My reading of the Budget put the CCS cuts at $670 million over the next 4 years covered by the forward estimates. Martin Ferguson, Minister for Energy and Resources, claims that $420 million of this money has not been cut, but rephased out beyond the estimates period.
I am also keen to understand what value Australia has got for the $400 million allocated to the Canberra-based Global CCS Institute. As one of their bloggers has written ‘despite ambitious demonstration programmes, progress has been glacially slow’.
To make up your own mind about the glacial progress of CCS, here is a summary of progress over 2010, on a CCS industry site. Note that not 1 full scale plant was completed. A similar perspective was expressed in Nature this month.
Where is the evidence that all this funding has been effective? Where is the peer review? What is the opportunity-cost? What is the net benefit?
If, as it appears, the Australian Government has lost faith in CCS, this will be a major blow to the technology globally. This is because Australia is the strongest advocate of CCS.
CCS has probably had a more favorable run in Australia’s media than anywhere in world. Most of that coverage has been in the Australian. A study of media coverage by the CSIRO found that 34.3% of stories about CCS were printed in the Australian.
The Australian Coal Association announced its clean coal strategy with great fanfare in 2003. It claimed that CCS would work and be cost effective. It promised to spend $1 billion of its own money over 10 years from 2004-2013.
It would be interesting to know if this spending has actually taken place. You can see that the website for this project, New Generation Coal, has more news about renewables than about CCS, which is another indicator that the technology is a failure.
The International Energy Agency bases all its coal industry predictions on a faith in CCS. Its CCS Roadmap projects that 3,400 CCS plants will be needed globally by 2050, to make a substantial impact on emissions.
If we accept the claim made by the industry, that CCS will be ready and cost-effective by 2020, this means that all 3,400 plants have to be built between 2020 and 2050. This is 1 full scale plant, every 3 days.
From what I can see on the websites of the various CCS bodies, there is rather a lot of research being done into the PR side of the technology. The same CSIRO study cited above describes in detail how to win the PR campaign to convince Australians that CCS will work.
The authors note that there are only 9 journalists in Australia who comprise the ‘elite’ and thus ‘require a sophisticated engagement plan’. It was proposed that meetings with these 9 reporters should be organised. As they note;
Use of scientists at these meetings would help to ensure the information is seen as objective and based on the latest science of the technology.
Thanks for your informed comments, Nancy.
I agree with you!
What I don’t get is why CCS is taken so seriously by the media-political elite?
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Carbon capture and sequestration is a waste of time and money. The cost to capture the CO2 is staggering — it will take 20-30% of a coal’s plant energy output JUST TO RUN the equipment needed to capture the CO2, which represents about 15% of the flue gases. It will NEVER scale. Capturing and sequestering 25% of the world’s CO2 from coal plants would require an infrastructure roughly equal to our current oil infrastructure. Can you imagine building thousands of miles of pipelines, compressing stations, drilling storage sites, and then monitoring for hundreds of years? Really? Why not go with solar and wind? What a lot of baloney! How much money did lobbyists spend on this boondoggle?